​Explosive volcanic eruptions are the most destructive type of volcanic activity and can cause major socioeconomic impacts and even affect global climate. Small volcanic islands, such as the Azores, are especially vulnerable to volcanic hazards as people live side by side with active volcanoes. Yet the potential of some volcanoes to generate hazardous explosive eruptions is often overlooked. This project aims to assess the impact of explosive eruptions on small insular territories, in order to increase the resilience of island communities to volcanic hazards. São Miguel Island will be used as a case study since it has the highest eruptive frequency of explosive events in the Azores. A long-term probabilistic multi-hazard approach will be employed to assess the volcanic hazards associated with tephra fallout and pyroclastic density currents at the three active central volcanoes of São Miguel. This approach may also be applied to other islands prone to explosive volcanism.